Heat insulation of facade and facade system. Plastering of facades, heat insulation

Any building starts with facade because facade creates inimitable and unique image. That’s the reason why nowadays architects try to give its unforgettable appearance to each new building, using also different technologies of facade finishing.

Today preference is goven to systems of exterior heat insulation as they have some advantages (protection from unfavourable weather conditions, possibility of walls "breathing", good sound proofing and long period of use).

At the present time there are the following groups of facade heat insulation systems:

• light plastering heat insulation systems;
• heavy plastering heat insulation systems;
• ventilation facade constructions;
• facade systems with cavity walls and three-layer systems.

Light plastering heat insulation systems

Field of use for light and heavy plastering systems is similar. But light systems gain wider popularity due to their lower cost.

Light plastering heat insulation systems of facades are a multilayer construction which consists of polymer-cement glue, heat insulation, reinforced fibreglass mesh, polymer-cement layer and and finishing coating (plaster, paint).

Among advantages of light plastering heat insulation systems of facades there is use of modern ecologically clean materials. Its disadvantage is the need to perform "wet" works.

Heavy plastering heat insulation systems

Heavy-type systems are heat insulation systems of facades with movable fastening elements of heat insulation and 20-30 mm of plaster layer (thickness of layers after insulation can reach 50 mm).

Peculiarity of heavy plastering heat insulation systems is a separate work of a wall and insulation layer. Thus, decorative coating goes through less deformation processes under the change of weather conditions.

Advantages of heavy plastering heat insulation systems are less firm requirements to smoothness of foundation and to the density of used insulator.

Facade systems with cavity walls and three-layer systems

In facade systems with cavity walls and three-layer heat insulation systems of facades insulator is laid inside enclosing constructions. The first layer is bearing wall, the second layer is insulator, anf third (face) layer is ceramic, silicate or clinker brick.

Such facade systems provide light constructions. They are rather unexpensive, but the disadvantage of facade systems with cavity walls of three-layer systems is condensation of moisture inside the construction.

Ventilation constructions of facades

Hanging ventilation facades resemble cavity walls with air gap, but there are different facing materials (protective screens) used instead of exterior wall. Thus, ventilation systems are constructions consisting of heat insulating layer and exterior facing. The most important element of hanging facade is ventilated space arranged between insulator and facing material. Particularly at the expense of ventilation moisture is removed from internal layers of facade which is an undoubtful advantage of this construction.

Hanging ventilation facade is not only decoration of building, it also protects walls from unfavourable impact of environment.